Design of chemical solutions for extraction of deoxyribonucleic acid in biotechnological products

Abstract

One of the techniques used to identify organisms genetically modified or transgenic, is polymerase chain reaction. For such purpose, the deoxyribonucleic acid of extendable quality and at proper concentrations is collected from the sample, through chemo-physical, mechanic or enzymatic methods. However, to achieve better results, such methods may be combined. Such in the case of the procedure based on the Cationic detergent cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, widely reported in literature. In order to obtain alternatives to the use of this reagent to extract deoxyribonucleic acid, new variants were designed, which combine the use of chemical substances, such as: Urea, Guanidium, Tween 20, Sarcosyl and Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate, and procedures established to extract nucleic acids, according to CTAB methods were followed. At comparing values of nucleic acid concentrations, extracted from rice, wheat, corn, soy, tobacco and banana, similar concentrations of deoxyribonucleic acid of expandable quality are obtained, in designed methods, regarding the method which uses Cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide. However, an economic analysis determined that through application of Urea and sodium dodecyl sulfate, an economic savings of 48.3% in reagent cost is achieved, which is equal to 0.5 dollar, per analyzed sample. These results show the possibility of using alternative methods to CTAB, for extraction of deoxyribonucleic acid in complex matrixes.